Date
Founded
|
Seat
|
Society Name
|
|
1603 |
Italy
Rome
|
Accademia dei Lincei
(Academy of Lynxes)
[Disbanded in 1630. Revived in 1847.
The current name of the new Academy is the
Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei]
|
|
1606
|
Italy
Udine
|
Accademia Udinese di Scienze, Lettere e Arti
(Academy of Sciences, Letters and Arts of Udine)
[Over time the Academy has had the following names:
Accademia degli Sventati, or
Accademia Udinese degli Sventati;
Accademia di Udine;
Accademia di Aquilejese;
Accademia di Scienze, Lettere e Arti di Udine; and
Accademia Udinese di Scienze, Lettere e Arti (its current name).]
|
|
1607
|
France
Annecy
|
Académie Florimontane d'Annecy
(Florimontane Academy of Annecy)
[According to the
CTHS - Sociétés Savantes database, this society had the
following sequence of names:
Académie Florimontane (1607);
Société Florimontane (1851); and
Académie Florimontane (1911).]
|
|
1608
|
Italy
Rovigo
|
Accademia dei Concordi di Rovigo
(Academy of the Concordant Ones of Rovigo)
|
|
1617 |
Germany
|
Fruchtbringende Gesellschaft
(Fruitful Society)
[According to p.19, footnote 1, of
Conermann, Herz & Schmidt-Glintzer (2000),
the Gesellschaft was founded in 1617 and ceased in 1680.
More information is found at the
Wikipedia article on the Fruchtbringende Gesellschaft.]
|
England
London
|
Master, Wardens and Society of the Art and Mistery of Apothecaries
of the City of London
[Now called: Worshipful Society of Apothecaries of London, and
sometimes
Society of Apothecaries of London.]
|
|
1621
|
Italy
Palermo
|
Accademia Jatro-Fisica di Palermo =
Accademia dei Iatrofisici di Palermo
(Academy of Medical Scientists of Palermo)
[According to
Maylender (1926-1930), v.3, pp.132-134, this society was founded in
Palermo in 1621 as the
Accademia Jatro-Fisica or
Accademia dei Iatrofisici,
but was also known as the
Accademia Medica or the
Accademia Filiatridi.
Maylender (1926-1930), v.3, p.134 also states that this appears to be
the oldest medical academy in Europe.
Maylender (1926-1930), v.3, p.134
indicates that it had already become by 1833 (and perhaps earlier) the
Accademia delle Scienze Mediche di Palermo (its current name).
They published an Atti beginning in 1890.]
|
|
1622 |
Germany
Rostock
|
Societas Ereunetica sive Zetetica
(Research or Investigation Society)
[According to
Geschichte der Mathematik an der Universität Rostock
this was the first scientific society north of the Alps.
Ornstein,
p.168 indicates that no
traces of this society are found after 1624.
A bit more information on the society is found in
Ornstein,
pp.166-169.]
|
|
1631
|
Italy
Florence
|
Accademia degli Apatisti
[In the earliest years of its existence this society was named
Comunità di Virtuosi e Letterati, then
Università dei Letterati, and finally
Accademia degli Apatisti.
In 1783, by order of the granduca Pietro Leopoldo di Lorena, the Academy
was merged with the Accademia Fiorentina (founded 1540) and the
Accademia della Crusca (founded 1583) to become the
Accademia Fiorentina Seconda, which in 1808 became the Accademia
Fiorentina Terza.
This latter Academy ceased to exist in 1811, at which time the
Accademia della Crusca reconstituted itself.]
|
|
1635 |
France
Paris
|
Académie Françoise
(French Academy)
[Now called Académie Française.]
|
|
1640 |
France
Toulouse
|
Les Lanternistes
(The Lanternists)
[Now called Académie des Sciences, Inscriptions et Belles
Lettres de Toulouse
(Academy of Sciences, Inscriptions and Humanities of Toulouse)]
|
|
1648 |
France
Paris
|
Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture
(Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture)
[This Academy was suppressed by the Convention in 1793.
In 1803, with the founding of the
Académie des Beaux-Arts (Academy of Fine Arts), the
responsibilities of the former
Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture
were inherited by this newly created Academy.]
|
|
1650 |
Italy
Naples
|
Accademia degli Investiganti =
Accademia degl' Investiganti =
Academia Indagatrix
(Academy of the Investigators)
[After the disbanding of the Roman
Accademia
dei Lincei in 1630, the centre
of scientific study passed from Rome to Napoli and Florence, where two
illustrious scientific societies carried on the tradition of the
Lincei:
the Accademia degli Investiganti (founded 1650 in Napoli) and the
Accademia
del Cimento (founded in 1657
in Florence).
Various founding dates for the Accademia degli Investiganti have
been suggested (1650, 1655, 1663 and 1669).
The Accademia was
suspended 1669 or 1670, then revived 1735-1737.]
|
France
Soissons
|
Société Académique de Soissons
(Academic Society of Soissons)
[According to
a brief historical page by the Société Archéologique,
Historique et Scientifique de Soissons,
this society was founded in 1650 as the
Société Académique de Soissons.
In 1674 it received letters patent from the King.
It appears that at this point it became the
Académie de Soissons.
The Academy had already become dormant by 1683, and was revived at the
insistence of Colbert.
According to
another brief historical page by the Société
Archéologique, Historique et Scientifique de Soissons,
the Academy was dissolved during the Revolution (probably 1793 August 8,
like so many other French academies).
It was revived in 1806 as the
Société des Sciences, des Arts et des Belles Lettres de
Soissons; it apparently published two volumes of
Mémoires in 1807 and 1808 (of which evidently no
trace remains).
It declined beginning in 1812 along with the Empire, and disappeared with
the latter (around 1814).]
The above pages have disappeared since being accessed around 2007. They have been replaced by much abbreviated information at the website of the
Société Historique de Soissons
();
the latter claims that in 1847 it was founded as the successor to the Académie de Soissons, which had been established in 1650.
|
|
1652 |
Germany
Schweinfurt
later
Halle
|
Collegium Naturae Curiosorum
(College of Those Inquisitive of Nature -- i.e. College of
Researchers)
[Now known as: Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina (German
Leopoldina Academy of Researchers).]
|
France
Caen
|
Académie des Belles-Lettres de Caen
(Academy of Humanities of Caen)
[Now called :
Académie des Sciences, Arts et Belles Lettres de Caen =
Academy of Sciences, Arts and Humanities of Caen.]
|
|
1654
|
France
Paris
|
Académie de Montmor
[The Academy was founded in about 1654 and ceased in 1664.
It was a semi-private institution (never receiving
government support).
It may in some sense be considered a pre-cursor to the prestigious
Académie Royale des Sciences,
which was established in 1666.]
|
Ireland
Dublin
|
Royal College of Physicians of Ireland
[The College was founded in 1654.
It has had the following names over time:
(1) King and Queens Colledge of Physicians in Ireland;
(2) King's and Queen's College of Physicians in Ireland;
(3) King and Queen's College of Physicians in Ireland;
(4) College of Physicians of Ireland; and
(5) Royal College of Physicians of Ireland (its current name).]
|
|
1657 |
Italy
Florence
|
Accademia del Cimento
(Academy of Experiment)
[Ceased in 1667.]
|
|
1658 |
France
Avignon
|
Académie des Émulateurs d'Avignon
(Academy of Competitors of Avignon)
[The Academy was founded in 1658 as the
Académie des Émulateurs d'Avignon.
Since 1815, it has been called the
Académie de Vaucluse.
|
Italy
Rome
|
Accademia degli Incolti = Academia Incultorum
(Academy of the Uncultured)
[An authority record in the
Bibliot. Nat. France cat. indicates that this society has also been
known at various times by the following names:
Accademia rubiconia simpemenia dei filopatridi (Savignano sul Rubicone,
Italie), Rubiconia accademia dei filopatridi (Savignano,
Italie) and Accademia dei filopatridi (Savignano sul Rubicone,
Italie).
NOTE: Their website gives 1651 in place of 1658; consult Maylender.]
|
|
1660 |
England
London
|
Royal Society of London
|
Spain
Sevilla
|
Real Academia de Bellas Artes de Santa Isabel de
Hungría de Sevilla
(Royal Academy of Fine Arts of Saint Isabel of Hungary of Seville)
[The Academy began in 1660 as a school for the teaching of the fine arts
that lasted until the end of the 17th century.
It had the following sequence of names from 1771:
(1) Real Escuela de las Tres Nobles Artes de Sevilla;
(2) Real Academia de Nobles Artes de Santa Isabel;
(3) Real Academia de Bellas Artes de Primera Clase de Sevilla; and
(4) Real Academia de Bellas Artes de Santa Isabel de
Hungría de Sevilla
(its current name).]
|
|
1662 |
France
Caen
|
Académie de Physique de Caen
(Academy of Physics of Caen)
[According to
Lux (1989), p.ix, this Academy began in 1662 and closed in
1672. In late 1667, Louis XIV granted it Royal approbation
(
Lux (1989), p.1).
Despite its brief existence, this Academy had the distinction of becoming
the first provincial adjunct to the Académie Royale des Sciences
(
Lux (1989), p.3).]
|
|
1663 |
France
Paris
|
Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres
(Academy of Inscriptions and Humanities)
[This Academy was founded in 1663 as the Petite Académie.
At some time later, it took the name
Académie Royale des Médailles et des Inscriptions.
In 1716, it took the name
Académie Royale des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres.
After this it had many different names including:
(1) Institut Royal de France, Académie des Inscriptions et
Belles-Lettres;
(2) Académie Royale des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres de
l'Institut de France;
(3) Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres de
l'Institut National de France;
(4) Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres de
l'Institut Impériale de France; and
(5) Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres de
l'Institut de France =
Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres
(its current name).]
|
|
1666 |
France
Arles
|
Académie Royale d'Arles
(Royal Academy of Arles)
[According to the
CTHS - Sociétés Savantes database,
this Academy was founded in 1666, and obtained letters patent from the
King in 1668. It was suppressed by the Convention in 1793.
It was revived at some later time.
It has been known at various times as the
Académie Royale d'Arles;
Académie d'Arts, Sciences et Littérature (Arles);
Académie Régionale d'Arles; and
Académie d'Arles (its current name).
The
Bibliot. Nat. France cat. lists journals beginning in 1941.]
|
France
Paris
|
Académie des Sciences (AS)
(French Academy of Sciences)
[The Academy was founded in 1666 as the
Académie Royale des Sciences (AS).
It is now called the
Académie des Sciences (AS).]
|
|
1668
|
Scotland
Glasgow
|
Royal Faculty of Procurators in Glasgow
|
|
1669 |
France
Paris
|
Académie Royale de Musique
(Royal Academy of Music)
[This Academy was suppressed by the Convention in 1793.
In 1803, with the founding of the
Académie des Beaux-Arts (Academy of Fine Arts), the
responsibilities of the former
Académie Royale de Musique
were inherited by this newly created Academy.]
|
|
1671 |
France
Paris
|
Académie Royale d'Architecture
(Royal Academy of Architecture)
[This Academy was suppressed by the Convention in 1793.
In 1803, with the founding of the
Académie des Beaux-Arts (Academy of Fine Arts), the
responsibilities of the former
Académie Royale d'Architecture
were inherited by this newly created Academy.]
|
|
1681
|
Scotland
Edinburgh
|
Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
|
|
1682
|
France
Nîmes
|
Académie de Nîmes
(Academy of Nîmes)
[The Academy was founded in 1682 as the
Académie Royale de Nîmes.
After that it had several different names, including:
Lycée;
Académie du Gard;
Académie Royale du Gard; and
Académie de Nîmes (its current name).]
()
|
|
1683
|
Italy
Modena
|
Accademia dei Dissonanti di Modena
(Academy of the Dissonant Ones of Modena)
[The Academy was founded in 1683 as the
Accademia dei Dissonanti di Modena.
In 1817 it became the
Reale Accademia Modenese di Scienze Lettere ed Arti.
After a sequence of minor name changes, it became in 1959 the
Accademia Nazionale di Scienze, Lettere e Arti
(National Academy of Sciences, Letters and Arts).]
|
|
1685
|
France
Angers
|
Académie des Sciences, Belles-Lettres et Arts d'Angers
(Academy of Sciences, Humanities and Arts of Angers)
[The Academy was founded in 1685 as the
Académie Royale des Belles-Lettres d'Angers.
Over the years it had the following names:
Académie des Sciences, Belles-Lettres et Arts d'Angers;
Société d'Agriculture, Sciences et Arts d'Angers;
Société Impériale d'Agriculture, Sciences et
Arts d'Angers;
Société Nationale d'Agriculture, Sciences et Arts
d'Angers; and
Académie des Sciences, Belles-Lettres et Arts d'Angers.
In addition, there was a rival society that ran from about 1857 to 1896
that had the names
Société Académique de Maine-et-Loir; and
Académie des Sciences et Belles-lettres d'Angers.]
|
|
1690 |
Germany
Hamburg
|
Kunst-Rechnungs-liebende Societät
(Society of Lovers of the Art of Calculation)
[Now called Mathematische Gesellschaft in Hamburg (Mathematical
Society in Hamburg).]
|
Italy
Bologna
|
Accademia degli Inquieti
(Academy of the Restless Ones)
[According to
Maylender (1926-1930), v.3, pp.300-301, this Academy was founded in
either 1690 or 1691 by Eustachio Manfredi and meetings were held in his
home.
But, within 4 years, more room was needed; so meetings moved to the home
of Jacopo Sandri.
With the increasing renown of the Accademia, there came increasing
interest in creating a stable authoritative scientific institute in
Bologna.
The prime mover in the latter project was Conte Luigi Ferdinando Marsigli.
In 1705, the meetings of the Accademia moved to his palazzo.
In 1712 Marsigli donated to the city of Bologna his Museum, which then
moved to the Palazzo Poggi, where two years later (1714) the
Accademia delle Scienze dell'Istituto di Bologna was established,
and into which the Accademia degli Inquieti then merged.]
|
Italy
Rome
|
Accademia dell'Arcadia
(Academy of Arcadia)
[The Accademia dell'Arcadia was founded in 1690.
In 1925 it assumed the sub-title Accademia Letteraria Italiana
(Italian Literary Academy).]
|
|
1691 |
Italy
Siena
|
Accademia delle Scienze di Siena detta de' Fisio-critici
(Academy of Sciences of Siena known as the Physiocritics)
[The Academy has used various names over time, including the following:
Accademia delle Scienze di Siena detta de' Fisio-critici;
Reale Accademia dei Fisiocritici in Siena;
Accademia dei Fisiocritici in Siena; and
Accademia dei Fisiocritici di Siena (its current name).]
|
|
1693 |
Slovenia
|
Slovenska Akademija Znanosti in Umetnosti (SAZU)
(Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts)
|
Spain
Sevilla
|
Veneranda Tertulia Médica Hispalense
(Venerable Spanish Medical Assembly)
[This Academy was founded in 1693 as the
Veneranda Tertulia Médica Hispalense.
In 1700 it became the
Regia Sociedad de Medicina y demás Ciencias de Sevilla, and
around 1830 became the
Real Academia de Medicina y Cirugía de Sevilla, sometimes
also called Real Academia de Medicina de Sevilla.]
|
|
1695
|
France
Villefranche-sur-Saone
|
Académie Royale de Villefranche
(Royal Academy of Villefranche)
[The Academy was founded in 1695, was suppressed in 1793, then
revived in 1899 as the
Société des Sciences et Arts du Beaujolais,
changed in 1930 to
Société des Sciences, Arts et Belles-Lettres du
Beaujolais, and then in 1964 became the
Académie de Villefranche-en-Beaujolais.]
|
|
1696 |
Germany
Berlin
|
Academie der Mahler-, Bildhauer- und Architectur-Kunst
(Academy of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture)
[The precursor to the Akademie was founded in 1696 as
Academie der Mahler-, Bildhauer- und Architectur-Kunst.
In 1937, the Akademie was evicted from its traditional premises;
it operation was evidently suspended.
In 1950, the Deutschen Akademie der Künste in Berlin (Ost)
was founded.
And in 1954, the Akademie der Künste in Berlin (West) was
founded.
Beginning 1991 the two Akademies moved towards fusion.
In 1993 they merged into one entity,
the Akademie der Künste.]
|
|
1697 |
Germany
Leipzig
|
Deutsche Gesellschaft in Leipzig
(German Society in Leipzig)
[The Society was founded in 1697 as the
Vertrauter Görlitzer Collegium Poeticum, and had the following
names, as well, until 1727:
Görlitzische Poetische Gesellschaft;
Teutschübende Poetische Gesellschaft; and
Teutschübende Gesellschaft.
In 1727, it became the
Deutsche Gesellschaft in Leipzig.
The Society ceased publishing in 1744 but continued to meet sporadically
until 1804, and then existed in name only until 1827.
And in 1827, the Deutsche Gesellschaft in Leipzig merged with the
Verein zur Erforschung vaterländischer Geschichte und
Alterthümer to become the
Deutsche Gesellschaft zur Erforschung vaterländischer Sprache und
Alterthümer.]
|
